Showing posts with label Dictionary. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Dictionary. Show all posts

Sememes

Sememes
Unit of meaning: 


sememes – plural of sememe, the interpretation given to a morpheme (a language unit).

A sememe (from Greek σημαίνω (sēmaínō) 'mean, signify') is a semantic language unit of meaning, analogous to a morpheme. 

The concept is relevant in structural semiotics.

There are five types of sememes: two denotational and three connotational, the latter occurring only in phrase units (they do not reflect the denotation)

The operational definition of synonymy depends on the distinctions between these classes of sememes.

For example, the differentiation between what some academics call cognitive synonyms and near-synonyms depends on these differences.

A related concept is that of the episememe (as described in the works of Leonard Bloomfield), which is a unit of meaning corresponding to the tagmeme.

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Aworowa

Aworowa

Town in Ghana: 


Aworowa is a town in the Bono East Region of Ghana.

The town is known for the Aworowa Secondary Technical School.

The school is a second cycle institution.

The Bono East region of Ghana is a new region carved out of the Brong Ahafo region.

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Ele'ele

Ele'ele

1. Designated place in Hawai: 


Eleʻele (literally, "black" or "black water" in Hawaiian) is a census-designated place (CDP) on the island of Kauaʻi in Kauaʻi County, Hawaiʻi, United States, with the ZIP code of 96705.

Glass Beach, that is made of sea glass, is a local attraction. 

The population was 2,515 at the 2020 census, up from 2,040 at the 2000 census.

ʻEleʻele is located on the south side of the island of Kauai.

It is bordered to the west by Hanapepe, with the Hanapēpē River forming the boundary between the two communities.

Hawaii Route 50 passes through Eleele, leading east 6 km to Kalaheo and west 3 km to Kaumakani.

Lihue is 27 km to the east via Route 50.

Tropical savanna climates have monthly mean temperature above 18 °C in every month of the year and typically a pronounced dry season, with the driest month having precipitation less than 60 mm of precipitation. 

In essence, a tropical savanna climate tends to either see less rainfall than a tropical monsoon climate or have more pronounced dry seasons than a tropical monsoon climate.

The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "As".

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2. The first woman in Samoan mythology

Ele'ele: in Polynesian mythology, the first woman. Fetu ("star") is the god of the night.

His wife is Ele'ele.

Samoan mythology is a variant of a more general Polynesian mythology in the Samoa Islands.

Samoan culture tells stories of many different deities.

There were deities of the forest, the seas, rain, harvest, villages, and war.

There were two types of deities, atua, who had non-human origins, and aitu, who were of human origin.

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Aeaea

Aeaea

Mythological island of the goddess-sorceress Circe:


Aeaea, Ææa or Eëä (Ancient Greek: Αἰαία, romanized: Aiaíā [ai̯.ǎi̯.aː]) was a mythological island said to be the home of the goddess-sorceress Circe.

In Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus tells Alcinous that he stayed here for one year on his way home to Ithaca. Before leaving Aeaea, Odysseus was given instructions by Circe about how to cross the ocean and assisted by the North Wind to reach the underworld.

Homer describes Aeaea as covered with a mixture of pasture and dense woodland of oak and beech. There were high hills or bluffs from which the sea could be seen encircling the island in all directions. Circe's stone house was located in a "dense forest of trees" "in a place that could be seen from far.

The somewhat inconsistent geography of Homer's Odyssey is often considered more mythic than literal, but the geography of the Alexandrian scholar and poet Apollonius of Rhodes is more specific.

In his epic Argonautica, he locates the island somewhere south of Aethalia (Elba), within view of the Tyrrhenian shore (western coast of Italy).

Aeaea was later identified by classical Roman writers with Mount Circeo on Cape Circeo (Cape Circaeum) on the western coast of Italy—about 100 kilometers south of Rome—which may have looked like an island due to the marshes and sea surrounding its base but which is a small peninsula.

It was already a peninsula according to Dionysius of Halicarnassus.

However, it may have been still an island in the days of Homer, with a long "lido" or sandy peninsula that gradually became attached to the mainland, in a common geological process.

Archeologists have identified one cave or grotto on the cape as "Grotta della Maga Circe", the cave of Circe.

A second was found on the nearby Island of Ponza.

It is believed that Circe had her summer home on Mount Circe and her winter home on Ponza, which may possibly be the island of Aeaea.

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Terret

Terret

1. Rein ring: 


terret – One of the metal rings on the top of the harness saddle, through which the reins pass.

A terret or rein ring is a metal loop on a horse harness through which the lines (reins) pass to prevent them from tangling or getting snagged on the harness or shafts.

The lines run from the hands of the driver, through the terrets, and then attach to the horse's bit to guide the horse.

Most harnesses have two pairs of terrets, one on the harness saddle, and one on the hames of the collar (or on the neck-strap of a breast collar).

Terrets are commonly made of brass or steel, and they may stand up stiffly, or they may consist of a hinged ring. They are usually circular, but may be U-shaped or square.

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2. Ancient Vitis vinifera vine: 

Terret is an ancient Vitis vinifera vine that, like the parent Pinot vine of Pinot noir's history, mutated over the course of thousands of years into grape varieties of several color.

Originating in the Languedoc-Roussillon wine of southern France, the descendants of Terret now include the red wine variety Terret noir, the white Terret blanc and the light-skinned Terret gris.

For years, the light skin varieties of the Terrets were grown together as field blends and used in Vermouth production.

The dark-skinned Terret noir was more highly valued as a permitted variety in the notable Rhône wine of Châteauneuf-du-Pape as well as in the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC)s of Corbières AOC and Minervois AOC in the Languedoc.

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3, Surname: 

Liselle Terret (also known as Doris La Trine) is a co-programme leader and a senior lecturer at the University of East London.

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Snellens

Snellens

Snellens: plural of Snellen - A surname: 

Snellen is a Dutch surname. 

Snel means "quick" in Dutch and the original bearer of the name may have been a lively person. However, the origin of the surname often was patronymic, as Snel and Snelle were short forms of the archaic Germanic given name Snellaard (which originally meant "lively and strong").

People with this surname include:

Herman Snellen (1834–1908), Dutch ophthalmologist who introduced the Snellen chart to study visual acuity (1862). 

He took over directorship of the Netherlands Hospital for Eye Patients (Nederlandsch Gasthuis voor Ooglijders), after Franciscus Donders.

Ignas Snellen [fr; nl] (born 1970), Dutch astronomer

Johan Snellen [nl] (1642–1691), Dutch Naval Officer

Maurits Snellen [de; nl] (1840–1907), Dutch meteorologist and explorer of the Arctic

Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen (1834–1911), Dutch entomologist.

Pieter Snellen was a merchant in Rotterdam. 

He is not to be confused with Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven, another entomologist from Rotterdam.

Samuel Constantinus Snellen van Vollenhoven (1816–1880), Dutch entomologist.

He was curator of the entomological collections for the Natural History Museum, Leiden from 1854 to 1873, when he retired due to health problems.

In 1857 he founded Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, a journal of systematic and evolutionary entomology published by the Netherlands Entomological Society.

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Rotavator

Rotavator

1. Rotary tiller for breaking and aerating soil: 


Rotavator: rotary tiller for breaking and aerating soil, agricultural machine with rotating blades designed to break up or till soil. Word is listed in dictionaries as being the longest single-word palindrome.

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2. Runaway Rotavator

Runaway Rotavator (1994) in iron filled resin, was commissioned by Harlow Arts Trust for a site outside Harlow Sports Centre (English sculptor Allan Sly).

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Quruq

Quruq

1. Village in Iran:

Quruq (Persian: قوروق, also Romanized as Qūrūq; also known as Ghooroogh, Kuruk, and Qorūq) is a village in Rahal Rural District, in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.

At the 2006 census, its population was 1,487, in 396 families.

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2. Village in Iran

Qoroq (Persian: قرق, also Romanized as Qūruq) is a village in Shirvan Rural District, in the Central District of Borujerd County, Lorestan Province, Iran.

At the 2006 census, its population was 287, in 76 families

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Parap

Parap

Inner suburb of the city of Darwin in Australia: 

Parap is an inner suburb of the city of Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Parap derived its name from that applied by Dr John A Gilruth, first Commonwealth Administrator in 1912.

He applied the name Paraparap (believed to have been a pastoral property of Dewing near Moriac, Geelong), but had to abbreviate it to Parap later during his term.

Parap was also the staging point to the event known as the Darwin Rebellion, on 17 December 1918, in protest against Gilruth's administration.

Parap became well known as the 2½ Mile in subsequent years, being near the Railway Workshop when the train ran in pre-World War II years.

Parap is a predominantly residential suburb and is usually associated with its sister suburb, Fannie Bay and the adjacent inner suburbs of Ludmilla and Stuart Park.

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Orero

Orero

1. Comune (municipality) in Italia:

Orero (Ligurian: Oê) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 30 kilometres east of Genoa.

Orero borders the following municipalities: Cicagna, Coreglia Ligure,  Lorsica, Rezzoaglio, San Colombano Certénoli.

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2. Place in Italy

Orero, is a place in Serra Riccò, Italy. 

Serra Riccò (Ligurian: A Særa) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa, in the Italian region Liguria, located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) north of Genoa, in the Val Polcevera.

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3. Surname:

Baldassarre Orero (1841 – 1914) was an Italian general. He was the first Italian colonial governor of Eritrea;

José Sanfrancisco Orero (1944) is a Spanish painter, sculptor, poet and writer belonging to the expressionism movement. 

One of his better known works is Música Salvaje (1964), for which he won the Gran Premio de Pintura de Salón Nacional de San Luís (Argentina) in 1965.

Victoria Orero Director for Climate Security and Resilience, United States National Security Council.

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Margram

Margram

Village and gram panchayat in India: 

Margarm is a village and gram panchayat in Rampurhat II CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

As per the 2011 Census of India, Margram had a total population of 30,055. 

Margram is on the Rampurhat-Sherpur Road that links NH 14 at Rampurhat to SH 7 at Sherpur.

Margram Bandhab Samiti Library, a government-sponsored library, was established in 1979. It has its own pucca building.

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Lal Lal

Lal Lal

1. Town in Australia:


Lal Lal is a town in Victoria, Australia. 

The town is located in the Shire of Moorabool and on the Geelong-Ballarat railway line, 108 kilometres west of the state capital, Melbourne.

At the 2016 census, Lal Lal and the surrounding area had a population of 476. 

The original settlement at Lal Lal was part of a substantial sheep run dating from 1845. 

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2. Falls in Australia: 

Lal Lal Falls is to the north-east and east of the Lal Lal town in Victoria, Australia.

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3. Reservoir in Australia: 

Lal Lal Reservoir on the Moorabool River is to the north-east and east of the Lal Lal town in Victoria, Australia.

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Kakkak

Kakkak

The yellow bittern: 


kakkak: Noun - The yellow bittern (Ixobrychus sinensis), a small bittern.

It is of Old World origins, breeding in the northern Indian Subcontinent, east to the Russian Far East, Japan and Indonesia.

It is mainly resident, but some northern birds migrate short distances.

It has been recorded as a vagrant in Alaska and there is a single sighting in Great Britain, from Radipole Lake, Dorset on November 23, 1962.

However, the British Ornithologists' Union has always considered this occurrence to be of uncertain provenance and currently it is not accepted onto the official British List.

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Igigi

Igigi
1. Mythological figures of heaven in the mythology of Mesopotamia: 


Igigi are the mythological figures of heaven in the mythology of Mesopotamia.

Though sometimes synonymous with the term "Anunnaki", in one myth the Igigi were the younger beings who were servants of the Annunaki, until they rebelled and were replaced by the creation of humans.

They were half human half animals. The workers were semi intelligent, the others not.

Akkadian Paradise is described as a garden in the myth of Atrahasis where lower rank deities (the Igigi) are put to work digging a watercourse by the more senior deities (the Anunnaki).

The Igigi then rebel against the dictatorship of Enlil, setting fire to their tools and surrounding Enlil's great house by night.

On hearing that toil on the irrigation channel is the reason for the disquiet, the Anunnaki council decide to create man to carry out agricultural labour.

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2. One of four rivals vying to be king of the Akkadian Empire: 

Igigi, according to the Sumerian King List, was one of four rivals (the others being Ilulu, Imi, and Nanum) vying to be king of the Akkadian Empire during a three-year period following the death of Shar-kali-sharri.

This chaotic period came to an end when Dudu consolidated his power over the realm.

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Hamamah

Hamamah

Princess of Abyssinia: 


Hamamah: Princess of Abyssinia, mother of Bilal ibn Rabah, one of the Sahabah (companions) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Bilal ibn Rabah was born in Mecca in the Hejaz in the year 580. His father Rabah was a slave for the clan of Banu Jumah while his mother, Hamamah, was allegedly a former princess of Abyssinia.

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Goog

Goog

1. An egg: 

goog: Noun - (Australia, slang) An egg. 

Look it up on Wiktionary

2. Abbreviations: 

(Nasdaq symbol) Abbreviation of Google. .google is a brand top-level domain (TLD) used in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet.

Created in 2014, it is operated by Alphabet Inc., Google's parent company. It is notable as one of the first gTLDs associated with a specific brand.

The company's first usage of the TLD was with com.google, an April Fools' Day joke website that hosted a horizontally mirrored version of Google Search.

The domain currently hosts multiple Alphabet Inc. products and services, and plans exist to move other Alphabet properties to .google as well

Google also owns a number of other top-level domains, including .goog (for sites such as partneradvantage.goog and pki.goog), .gmail (a Brand TLD relating to its Gmail service), .gle (for shortened URLs such as goo.gle and forms.gle), .chrome (for sites such as apps.chrome and the target server of hosted Chrome Apps such as calculator.apps.chrome) and .youtube (for sites such as about.youtube and blog.youtube).

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Evitative

Evitative

Marked noun is avoided or feared: 

Evitative: From Latin ēvītāre (“to avoid”), from ē- (“out”) + vītāre (“to shun”).

Adjective: (grammar) grammatically expressing the notion that something is avoided or feared: a grammatical mood found in some Australian Aboriginal languages. 

Synonym: aversive

The aversive or evitative case (abbreviated evit) is a grammatical case found in Australian Aboriginal languages that indicates that the marked noun is avoided or feared.

The aversive may also be used to mark the object of verbs of fearing.

The aversive may be used on a nominalized verb, to produce an equivalent of English "lest". For example, "lest they be forgotten" could be encoded as "to avoid forgetting them".

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Dioid

Dioid

An idempotent semiring: 

dioid: Noun - (mathematics) An idempotent semiring.

In abstract algebra, a semiring is an algebraic structure. It is a generalization of a ring, dropping the requirement that each element must have an additive inverse.

At the same time, it is a generalization of bounded distributive lattices.

The term dioid (for "double monoid") has been used to mean semirings or other structures. It was used by Kuntzman in 1972 to denote a semiring.

It is alternatively sometimes used for naturally ordered semirings but the term was also used for idempotent subgroups by Baccelli et al. in 1992.

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Cimic

Cimic

Unincorporated community in Illinois: 

Cimic is an unincorporated community in Divernon Township, Sangamon County, Illinois, United States.

Cimic is located on Illinois Route 104 west of its junction with Interstate 55; parts of the community have been annexed by Divernon.

The original name of the town was Pawnee Junction. Cimic is a combined acronym of two railroad companies: Chicago and Illinois Midland-Illinois Central.

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2. British Army-led Multi-National Division

CIMIC House was the British Army-led Multi-National Division (South-East)'s centre of Civil-Military Co-operation (CIMIC) activities in the Iraqi town of Al Amarah during the 2003–2011 occupation of Iraq.

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